¿Lo hice yo o lo hizo la inteligencia artificial? Impacto de la inteligencia artificial en la propiedad psicológica y el síndrome del impostor del alumnado en la educación superior
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51302/tce.2026.24625Palabras clave:
educación superior, síndrome del impostor, propiedad psicológica, experiencia del estudiante, efecto durmiente, inteligencia artificial (IA), delegación de tareaResumen
El uso de herramientas de inteligencia artificial (IA) en la educación superior ha transformado la forma en que los estudiantes (hombres y mujeres) se enfrentan a sus tareas. Su capacidad para resolver tareas en cuestión de segundos la convierten en una herramienta atractiva, aunque puede conllevar riesgos para su aprendizaje si no se usa bien. Este estudio analiza cómo el tipo de tarea –delegable o soportada– influye en la experiencia de aprendizaje del alumnado cuando utiliza IA. A través de dos estudios experimentales con estudiantes universitarios de Ciencias Sociales, se examinan las variables de aprendizaje percibido, el esfuerzo percibido, la agencia del estudiante (toma las decisiones o las delega), la propiedad psicológica sobre la tarea y el síndrome del impostor que experimenta el alumnado. Los resultados muestran que el diseño de la tarea tiene un impacto significativo en la experiencia del estudiante y en su percepción de propiedad e impostor. Además, se evidencia un efecto temporal donde las autopercepciones sobre la tarea cambian con el tiempo. Se concluye que una integración efectiva de la IA requiere tanto de un diseño instruccional cuidadoso por parte del docente como de una formación y buenas prácticas de los estudiantes en el uso de estas herramientas.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Santiago Batista-Toledo, Diana Gavilan

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